Évaluation de la photosensibilité rétinienne dans le but d'élucider le dérèglement neurochimique à l'origine du trouble affectif saisonnier et les mécanismes biologiques de la luminothérapie

Liste des illustrations

• Figure 1. Voie lumineuse vers l'horloge biologique
• Figure 2. Formation de la mélatonine par ses précurseurs (tryptophane et sérotonine)
• Figure 3. Traitement de luminothérapie (lampe SADelite, Northern Light Technologies)
• Figure 4. Structure de la rétine
• Figure 5. Photorécepteurs rétiniens (Source : Purves et al., 2003²⁶⁴ et ERPI 2005²⁶⁶ )
• Figure 6. Voies directe et indirecte de la rétine
• Figure 7. Phototransduction (Source : Purves et al., 2003)
• Figure 8. Sensibilité rétinienne des photorécepteurs durant a) le jour et b) la nuit et variation circadienne de la mélatonine et de la dopamine
• Figure 9. Administration d'une mesure par électrorétinogramme (ERG)
• Figure 10. Bio-potentiel capté par l'électrorétinogramme
• Figure 11. Formation de la courbe Naka-Rushton des bâtonnets (B) et formation de la courbe des cônes (C) à partir des ondes rétiniennes enregistrées à l’électrorétinographie scotopique (A).
• Figure 1. Mean photopic ERG luminance response function of all participants (N=26) submitted to LED flashes in the dilated eye (DE) and non dilated eye (NDE).
• Figure 2.a) Example of a typical photopic luminance response function obtained in the dilated eye and non dilated eye in which Vmax is clearly achieved in both eyes.
• Figure 2.b) Example of a typical photopic luminance response function obtained in the dilated eye and non dilated eye in which Vmax is not clearly reached in NDE.
• Figure 3. Mean (N=6) photopic luminance response function for the dilated eye and non dilated eye as obtained with Xenon flashes in which the so-called photopic hill is observed in both eyes.
• Figure 4. Typicalexamples of photopic ERG waveforms in the dilated eye (DE) and non dilated eye (NDE) as obtained in a 25 y.o male at two different background.
• Figure 5. Mean scotopic luminance response function (N=23) in the dilated eye and non dilated eye as obtained with Green LED flashes.
• Figure 1. a) Example of the photopic luminance response function obtained at both 11:00 and 23:00 for a women participant.
• Figure 1. b) Mean (N=28) photopic luminance response function obtained at both 11:00 and 23:00. Note the slightly lower Vmax observed in recordings obtained at night.
• Figure 2. Means (N=29) scotopic luminance response function obtained at both 11:00 and 23:00. Note the higher response obtained at night.
• Figure 3. Mean (N=12) levels of melatonin secretion with saliva samples obtained during photopic and scotopic recording at both 11:00 and 23:00.
• Figure 1. ERG parameters include a) a-wave implicit time, b) b-wave implicit time, c) a-wave amplitude, d) b-wave amplitude
• Figure 2. Mean SIGH-SAD scores (a) and number of responders to LT and patients in remission after LT
• Figure 3. Melatonin concentration in the saliva of control participants (one measure) and SAD patients at baseline and after 4 weeks of LT (two measures)
• Figure 4. Mean photopic luminance response function (LRF) in photopic ERG
• Figure 5. Photpic b-wave amplitude in control participants and in SAD patients during LT
• Figure 6. Mean scotopic luminance response function (LRF) in photopic ERG
• Figure 7. Retinal sensitivity values (K) in control participants and SAD patients during LT
• Figure 8 a) Explicative neurochemical model of SAD
• Figure 8 b) Biological mechanism of LT
• Figure 12. Maladies psychiatriques dans la famille du groupe de patients et de participants contrôles